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ADHD Medicines From the NHS The number of people who receive central nervous system stimulants and ADHD medication from the NHS has significantly increased over the last two decades. This increase is exacerbated by issues with the supply of medication. There are numerous types of ADHD medications available in the UK, however the majority prefer talking therapy to medication. These therapies can assist teens, children and adults recognize their diagnosis and cope with it. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system which means that it alters the chemical pathways that help brain cells to communicate with one another. It enhances the capacity of people suffering from ADHD to focus and also reduces the impulsive behavior. This medication is part of a complete treatment program that includes education, therapy and other support. It is recommended patients only receive this medication from a specialist who is specialized in behavioural problems. Methylphenidate is prescribed to adults and children. It can be taken as a capsule or tablet or mixed with liquid to make a syrup. The doses are carefully adjusted for each patient. There are some side effects that can be experienced, but they are usually minimal and will disappear in a few days. Some of these include stomachaches, headaches and sleep issues. If these symptoms continue you should consult your doctor. It is important that your doctor has a full understanding of your medical history before taking this medication. Methylphenidate can cause serious heart issues in people with heart disease or a history of heart attack or stroke. Tell your doctor if you are suffering from depression or other mental illness. If you have an underlying history of bipolar disorder, it is especially important to monitor your symptoms closely when taking methylphenidate. It is possible to stop taking the medication if your symptoms get more severe. Methylphenidated shouldn't be given to children younger than 6 years old, or pregnant women. It is not recommended to be administered to teenagers who are not yet 16 years of age, since it could affect their growth and development. There are many different Methylphenidate formulations. Each has its own time-action profiles. These profiles are designed to match the needs and preferences of patients at certain times of the day. They also aid in the selection of the right product. Switching between different formulations with different pharmacokinetic profiles could result in changes in the management of symptoms at specific times of the day and result in differences in how ADHD medication is perceived by patients. Lisdexamfetamine Lisdexamfetamine can be used to treat ADHD symptoms for children and adults 6 and over. ADHD is characterized by more difficulty in being focused on tasks, controlling their actions and remaining still or quiet as compared to other people who are the same age. It works by changing the amount of certain natural substances within the brain. This medication is not recommended for children under 6 years old, or those older than 65 years old. It could be risky to take this medication if you have particular medical conditions like heart disease or high blood pressure. It is also not safe to take this medication when you are breastfeeding or pregnant. This medication could cause serious side effects, such as heart attack and stroke. This medication should not be taken with alcohol or other drugs that affect the nervous system or brain. This includes other stimulants like cocaine, opiates like heroin, some antidepressants, and many herbal remedies. It is also essential to tell your doctor if there are any other health problems or allergies. This medication is taken in the morning and is an oral tablet or capsule. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Consult your physician or pharmacist for clarification if you are unsure of something. This medication should not be taken late in the afternoon or evening since it can cause trouble falling asleep and staying asleep. If you are suffering from serious renal problems, your doctor may start your treatment at a lower dose and closely monitor you during the first few days. The medicine could be absorbed into breast milk, so it is crucial to inform your doctor if you're breastfeeding. This medicine may cause you to feel dizzy or sleepy. Do not drive non stimulant adhd medication or operate machinery until you are aware of the effects of this medicine. This medicine could alter your blood pressure, which can lead to a heart attack or stroke in some individuals. This medication may interact with other medications, such as tetracycline (a type of antibiotic) as well as Clozapine (a kind of antipsychotic) lithium, lithium and certain antidepressants, anticollinrgics, and antiseizure drugs. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any other medication that are not prescription medications, as well as vitamins. Inform your doctor if use a diuretic, like sodium bicarbonate or diet pills. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is a drug that is not stimulant that is used to treat ADHD in adults and children. It is typically prescribed as a tablet, and is taken daily, in the morning or in the evening. It works by blocking the reuptake norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter that is important. It is less likely to cause adverse effects such as dizziness, weight gain or tiredness than stimulants. It is less likely to trigger an interaction with alcohol or other drugs. It is also less likely than other drugs in this class to increase blood pressure. Atomoxetine is recommended as part of a complete treatment plan, which includes educational, psychological and social strategies. It is not recommended to use in children under the age of five. It can interact negatively with other medications, like clonidine or lithium. This medication could result in dependence, which is why it is best used under the supervision of a medical professional. The drug is also known by the brand name Strattera. This is a selective reuptake of norepinephrine inhibitor that helps to reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity among adults suffering from ADHD. It also helps improve concentration which is a key aspect of the disorder. It is a great alternative for those who are unable to tolerate stimulants like methylphenidate or the lisdexamfetamine. It is also useful in treating Tourette syndrome since it does not aggravate the tics. When taking this medication, it is important to monitor your heartbeat and blood pressure. You should consult with your doctor if there is an ancestral history of heart problems or are at a high risk of them. It is also important to inform your doctor if you have any allergies or other health problems. People who are taking atomoxetine must avoid drinking alcohol and eating foods high in fat, as they can increase the risk of low blood pressure. The drug can also raise cholesterol and blood triglycerides. Therefore, it is crucial to eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly. A healthcare professional trained and skilled in ADHD treatment should regularly review the condition of patients who are taking atomoxetine. This evaluation should include a discussion of patient preferences and benefits, negative effects, and ongoing clinical needs. If the balance between harms and benefits is a good one, it might be beneficial to consider a trial of stopping or reducing dosage. Modafinil With a burgeoning population of university students, many are turning to prescription drugs to treat narcolepsy and ADHD to improve their performance. With costs as high as PS27,000 per year and a shaky job market waiting at the end of the year, this generation is under tremendous pressure to be successful. It's no wonder that some are turning to so-called smart drugs to help them study more effectively and remain awake during tests. Modafinil, also known as Provigil, is a wakefulness-promoting prescription drug that is used to treat narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. Off-label, it is increasingly being used to treat ADHD symptoms in adults. This is based on research proving that modafinil can reduce ADHD symptoms in both adolescents and adults. However, it isn't a proven effect. Some studies suggest that using modafinil for cognitive enhancement is safe, however others suggest that the effects aren't as powerful and that the long-term risks of using it aren't known. The use of cognitive enhancements by UK students has increased. In a survey it was discovered that 10% of students took stimulants in the last year to improve their academic performance. It could be that the growing pressure to succeed is driving this trend. Many young people believe that taking these drugs makes them more intelligent and enables them to study longer and do better. Some of these drugs like amphetamines and methylphenidate have been proven to be effective in treatment of ADHD. They also pose dangers to children and teens. In some cases they can trigger psychosis. Additionally, some studies have revealed adverse reactions in teenagers who take them for non-ADHD reasons. The researchers of the study suggest that future guidelines take an approach that is balanced in pharmacological treatments, with amphetamines and methylphenidate being the preferred first-choice medications for the majority of people of all ages. TB declares advisory or consultant roles with Actelion, Hexal Pharma, Lilly, Novartis, and Oxford Outcomes; conference support or speaker's fees from Medice, HP, and Shire and royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP Medien, and Oxford University Press; and collaboration as a sub-investigator in clinical trials with Shire and Viforpharma. CM-J declares that ACAMH reimburses her for travel expenses for lectures and Healthcare Convention pays her fees for educational events on ADHD.